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Paraffin wax

Paraffin wax is derived from crude oil during the refining process. It is obtained by dewaxing lubricating oil stocks, followed by purification through processes like solvent refining, hydrogenation, or clay treatment to remove impurities and achieve desired properties.Some of the applications of paraffin wax are related to the following industries:

  • Candle Manufacturing – One of the primary uses due to its excellent burning properties.
  • Packaging Industry – Used for coating paper, cardboard, and food packaging to provide moisture resistance.
  • Cosmetics & Pharmaceuticals – Found in creams, lip balms, and medicinal ointments.
  • Rubber & Tire Industry – Acts as a protective agent against oxidation and cracking.
  • Polishes & Coatings – Used in furniture polish, car wax, and industrial coatings.
  • Electrical Insulation – Applied in capacitors and transformers as an insulator.

Liquid paraffin

Liquid paraffin, also known as mineral oil, is derived from petroleum through a refining process. It is obtained by distillation and further purified using hydro-treatment or solvent extraction to remove impurities, ensuring different grades for various applications. Some of the applications of paraffin wax are related to the following industries:

  • Pharmaceutical & Medical Use – Used as a laxative, skin moisturizer, and in ointments.
  • Cosmetic Industry – Found in lotions, creams, baby oils, and hair products for hydration.
  • Food Industry – Used as a food-grade lubricant and in food coatings to maintain freshness.
  • Textile Industry – Acts as a lubricant in fiber processing and weaving.
  • Plastics & Rubber Processing – Serves as a plasticizer and mold-release agent.
  • Agriculture – Used in pesticides, insecticides, and as a dust suppressant.
  • Industrial Lubrication – Applied in machinery, cutting fluids, and metal processing.

Slack Wax

Slack wax is a semi-refined byproduct obtained during the production of lubricating oils from crude oil. The process includes:

  1. Distillation of Crude Oil – Lubricating oil fractions are separated.
  2. Dewaxing Process – Solvent dewaxing removes waxy components from lubricating oil.
  3. Filtration & Purification – The extracted wax contains residual oil and impurities, making it a softer, more flexible material compared to fully refined paraffin wax.
  4. Further Processing – Slack wax can be refined into paraffin wax or microcrystalline wax through additional purification steps like hydro-treating.

Some of the applications of paraffin wax are related to the following industries:

  • Candle Manufacturing – Used as a raw material to produce paraffin wax for candles.
  • Rubber & Tire Industry – Acts as a processing aid and anti-ozonant to improve flexibility.
  • Wood & Board Industry – Provides water resistance and enhances durability.
  • Emulsion & Coatings – Used in protective coatings, polishes, and emulsions for textiles and paper.
  • Matchstick Production – Serves as a fuel source for matchstick heads.
  • Rust Prevention – Applied in industrial lubricants and coatings to protect metal surfaces.
  • Petroleum Jelly & Cosmetics – Can be further refined for use in creams and ointments.

 

Oxidized Polyethylene Wax

Oxidized polyethylene wax (OPE wax) is produced by controlled oxidation of polyethylene (PE) under specific conditions. The process includes:

  1. Polyethylene Selection – Low molecular weight polyethylene (PE) is chosen as the base material.
  2. Oxidation Reaction – The PE is subjected to oxygen or air in a controlled environment, typically in a reactor at high temperature (140-200°C) and sometimes under pressure. Catalysts may be used to enhance oxidation efficiency.
  3. Modification & Refinement – The oxidation introduces functional groups (such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, and carbonyl) that improve the compatibility and properties of the wax.
  4. Cooling & Granulation – The oxidized wax is cooled, solidified, and then processed into flakes, granules, or powder for industrial use.

Some of the applications of paraffin wax are related to the following industries:

  • Plastics & PVC Processing – Used as a lubricant and processing aid in PVC and plastic extrusion to improve dispersion and flow.
  • Hot Melt Adhesives – Enhances adhesion properties and thermal stability.
  • Inks & Coatings – Provides scratch resistance, anti-blocking, and gloss control.
  • Textile & Leather Industry – Used in finishing agents to provide softness and water resistance.
  • Rubber Industry – Acts as a lubricant and processing aid to improve mold release.
  • Paper & Packaging – Applied as a coating agent to enhance water resistance and durability.
  • Metal Processing & Polishing – Used in emulsions for rust protection and surface polishing.

OPE wax is widely used due to its high chemical stability, compatibility with various materials, and excellent lubrication properties.

Petroleum Jelly

Petroleum jelly, also known as petrolatum, is a semi-solid mixture derived from petroleum refining. The production process includes:

  1. Crude Oil Distillation – The heavier fractions of crude oil are separated during the refining process.
  2. Dewaxing & Purification – The selected fractions undergo dewaxing to remove impurities, followed by filtration to eliminate unwanted hydrocarbons.
  3. Hydrotreating & Bleaching – The material is further refined using hydrogenation or clay filtration to remove color and odor, ensuring medical and cosmetic-grade purity.
  4. Blending & Quality Control – The purified jelly is blended and tested for consistency, purity, and safety, then packaged for commercial use.Some of the applications of paraffin wax are related to the following industries:
  • Pharmaceutical & Medical Use – Acts as a skin protectant, wound healer, and base for ointments.
  • Cosmetics & Personal Care – Used in lip balms, lotions, and moisturizers due to its excellent emollient properties.
  • Lubrication & Industrial Applications – Applied in machinery, locks, and tools as a light lubricant.
  • Food Industry (Food-Grade Petrolatum) – Used as a coating for food containers and processing equipment.
  • Textile & Leather Industry – Helps in fabric finishing and leather conditioning.
  • Coatings & Polishes – Found in shoe polish, furniture wax, and rust-prevention coatings.
  • Automotive Industry – Used in battery terminal protection and anti-corrosion treatments.

Petroleum jelly is valued for its moisture barrier properties, stability, and versatility across industries.

Polyethylene Wax

Polyethylene wax (PE wax) is a low molecular weight polyethylene polymer produced through several methods:

  1. Direct Polymerization:
    • Polyethylene is synthesized at controlled conditions to achieve a low molecular weight structure.
  2. Thermal Degradation:
    • High molecular weight polyethylene is thermally cracked at high temperatures (300-500°C) to produce wax with a lower molecular weight.
  3. Oxidation:
    • PE wax is oxidized to introduce polar functional groups, improving its compatibility with other materials.
  4. Separation & Refinement:
    • The wax is purified, cooled, and processed into granules, flakes, or powder for industrial use.

Some of the applications of paraffin wax are related to the following industries:

  • Plastics & PVC Processing – Acts as an internal and external lubricant to improve melt flow, mold release, and surface quality.
  • Masterbatch Production – Enhances dispersion of pigments and fillers in plastics.
  • Hot Melt Adhesives (HMA) – Used to control viscosity and improve adhesion properties.
  • Printing Inks & Coatings – Provides anti-blocking, scratch resistance, and gloss control.
  • Rubber Processing – Enhances processing efficiency and reduces sticking in molds.
  • Textile & Leather Finishing – Improves smoothness and water resistance.
  • Road Marking Paints – Used as a dispersing agent for thermoplastic road marking materials.
  • Candle Manufacturing – Improves burning time and hardness.
  • Metal Protection & Polishing – Used in lubricants and corrosion-resistant coatings.

PE wax is highly valued for its thermal stability, chemical resistance, lubrication, and dispersion properties, making it a key material in various industries.

Foots Oil

Foots oil is a byproduct obtained during the dewaxing process of paraffin wax production. It contains a mixture of oil and residual waxes, making it a semi-liquid or soft material. The production steps include:

  1. Crude Oil Refining:
    • The base oil fractions are separated during the distillation process.
  2. Solvent Dewaxing:
    • Paraffin wax is extracted from lubricating oil stocks, and the leftover oily byproduct is foots oil.
  3. Filtration & Separation:
    • The foots oil is separated from solid wax components and further refined based on its required properties.
  4. Quality Control & Blending:
    • It is tested for viscosity, purity, and composition before being used in various applications.

Some of the applications of paraffin wax are related to the following industries:

  • Rubber & Tire Industry:
  • Used as a processing oil to improve elasticity and reduce processing friction.
  •  Leather Treatment:
  • Acts as a softening and waterproofing agent in leather production.
  •  Textile Industry:
  • Used as a lubricant in fiber processing and textile finishing.
  •  Metal & Machinery Lubrication:
  • Serves as a light lubricant for industrial machines and tools.
  •  Wood & Board Industry:
  • Applied as a treatment to enhance moisture resistance in wood products.
  •  Polishes & Coatings:
  • Used in furniture polishes, shoe polish, and rust-prevention coatings.
  •  Candle & Wax Blending:
  • Can be blended with paraffin wax to modify hardness and melting point.
  •  Agriculture & Dust Control:
  • Used as a binding agent in fertilizers and for suppressing dust in construction sites.

Foots oil is an economical alternative in industries requiring lubrication, flexibility, and water resistance.

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